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2012年小学英语教师招聘考试词法备考资料:形容词和副词(2)

时间:2012-9-26 14:23:30 点击:

  核心提示:2012年小学英语教师招聘考试词法备考资料:形容词和副词...
1. 指示代词,定冠词 2. 数量词 3. 性质词 4. 大小 5. 形状 6. 老少,新旧 7. 颜色 8. 材料

但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。

如: What a pretty little white horse!

Those first few short English stories were not difficult to understand.

[误] The best way to learn English good is to speak with Englishman every day.

[正] The best way to learn English well is to speak with Englishman every day.

[析] good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如:He is well.(他身体很好)。He is good.(他是个好人)。

[误] The children play on the grass nappyly.

[正] The children play on the grass happily

[析] 多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.

[误] The teacher looked angry at the students.

[正] The teacher looked angrily at the students.

[析] 英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:The food smells good.食物闻起来很香。The teacher looked angry 老师看起来很生气。 而此句的意思为:"老师生气地看着学生",所以应用副词形式。

[误] He worked with me friendly.

[正] He was friendly to me.

[析] 不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely, lonely, costly, lively…monthly weekly…但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early, hourly, monthly…

[误] You can speak free in front of your friends.

[正] You can speak freely in front of your friends.

[析] free作为形容词意为"自由的,有空闲的,免费的".作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的,随便的".这些要注意的词还 有: hard 努力,艰苦 hardly 几乎不 late 迟,晚 lately 最近的,最新的 near 近 nearly 几乎 like 像 likely 几乎

[误] They must have arrived till now.

[正] They must have arrived by now.

[析] by now是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而till now是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。 must have+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。

[误] Someone called you right now.

[正] Someone called you just now.

[析] just now有两个意思,其一是"刚才",其二是"现在",而right now只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如: I have just finished my homework.

[误] My father will be back from America at present.

[正] My father will be back from America presently.

[析] presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与at present相同。而for the present为暂时,如: I teach English in the school for the present.

[误] I'll be back at the moment.

[正] I'll be back in a moment.

[析] at the moment 其意为"现在,当时",而in a moment意为"马上过一会",与in a minute意思相近。

[误] The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time.

[正] The train from Shanghai will arrive here on time.

[析] on time为"准时",而in time有两个含意。其一是"及时",如:The doctor arrived in time.其二是"将来,终究".

[误] I met an old friend sometimes last month.

[正] I met an old friend sometime last month.

[析] Sometime 过去,或者将来某时。 Sometimes 有时

如: Sometimes I go to school by bus.Some time 一些时间

如: I need sometime to do my homework. Some times 几次

如: I went to Shanghai sometimes this month.

at times 有时,偶尔

at all times 经常

some other time 改天

[误] I had met an old friend three days ago.

[正] I had met an old friend three days before.

[正] I met an old friend three days ago.

* ago 用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。

[误] He studied very hard. and at the end he passed the exam.

[正] He studied very hard, and in the end he passed the exam.

[析] in the end=at last 意为"最终,终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而at the end是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:At the end of class, the teacher gave us some story books.

[误] I will come here to help you each three days.

[正] I will come here to help you every three days.

[析] every three days 为"每三天",即每隔二天,而every other day为每隔一天。

[误] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday. and I didn't go, too.

[正] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday and I didn't go either.

[析] 英语中表示"也",有4个字,also, as well, too, either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与as well一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:She went to the party and her boy friend went there too. 又如: I've also read her other novels.

[误] We should help the poor girl in anyway.

[正] We should help the poor girl in any way.

[析] anyway为"不管怎么"讲,"无论如何",如:What a terrible accident, anyway no one was hurt.

any way 为"任何方式".这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:

everyday 日常的 every day 每天

faraway 遥远的 far away 远离

altogether 总计 all together 一块,大家一起

already 已经 all ready 全准备好了

[误] You can come to the doctor's at anytime.

[正] You can come to the doctor's at any time.

[析] anytime 是副词 而any time中的time是名词。

[误] She said nearly nothing.

[正] She said almost nothing.

[析] nearly 与 almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost.

[误] There are too much mistakes in your homework.

[正] There are too many mistakes in your homework.

[析] too much 后接不可数名词,如:There is too much water for the flowers. 而too many 后加可数名词,much too 后面加形容词,如:It is much too difficult to learn English well.

[误] It is late enough that we can go home now.

[正] It is late enough for us to go home now.

[析] 要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:for somebody to do something.

[误] The twins are very alike.

[正] The twins are much alike.

[析] 用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。

[误] - How long does he write to his parents?

- Once a week.

[正] - How often does he write to his parents?

- Once a week.

[析] 英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用how often.

[误] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call up you.

[正] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call you up.

[析] 当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。 如:I want to watch TV. Please turn on the TV. 也可以讲: Please turn the TV on.

[误] He drove quickly his new car.

[正] He drove his new car quickly.

[析] 副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:He quickly give me the answer. ② 在be动词之后,如:The little boy is often late for class. ③ 第一助动词之后,如:This book has almost been finished. ④ 在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如: Can you help me this afternoon? I certainly can. 但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词

词组作宾语则才可以这样用:

He heard clearly what the teacher said.

[误] The children came late yesterday to the cinema.

[正] The children came late to the cinema yesterday.

[析] 表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。

作者:不详 来源:网络
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